Examination of Physical Activity Levels of University Students
Abstract views: 245
/ 
PDF downloads: 104
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399742Keywords:
College students, physical inactivity, sedantery life, BMI, physical healthAbstract
Background: The aim of this study was to determine the levels of physical activity level among university students.
Methods: An online survey method was used to collect data from 388 students (198 females, 190 males) studying at Kirikkale University Faculty of Sports Sciences. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) was administered for data collection. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 25.0 software. Descriptive statistics, such as mean and standard deviation (SD), were calculated. Gender differences were examined using an independent samples t-test. The relationship between age, Body Mass Index (BMI), and physical activity levels was evaluated using the Pearson correlation test. Correlation coefficients were interpreted as follows: 0-.10 very weak; .10-.30 weak; .40-.60 moderate; .70-.90 strong; and 1 and above as excellent.
Result: As a result, it was found that due to the positive effects of physical activity, there was a significant difference in height and weight between female and male students, with males performing better in on-campus physical activities than females.
Conclusions: However, no differences were observed in off-campus activities; this is thought to be due to the sporting age of the participants.
References
Angevaren M, Aufdemkampe G, Verhaar HJ, Aleman A, Vanhees L. (2008). Physical activity and enhanced fitness to improve cognitive function in older people without known cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 16;(3):CD005381. https://doi: 10.1002/1465185
Atmowardoyo, H. (2018). Research methods in TEFL studies: Descriptive research, case study, error analysis, and R&D. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 9(1), 197-204. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0901.25
Boga, F. C., Al-Ansari, S. S., Biddle, S., Borodulin, K., Buman, M. P., Cardon, G., ... &Willumsen, J. F. (2020). World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behavior. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(24), 1451-1462. https://doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955.
Bowden Davies, K. A., Pickle, S., Sprung, V. S., Kemp, G. J., Alam, U., Moore, D. R., ... & Cuthbertson, DJ (2019). Reduced physical activity in young and older adults: metabolic and musculoskeletal effects. Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism, 10, 2042018819888824. https://doi.org/10.1177/2042018819888824
Cahuas, A., He, Z., Zhang, Z., & Chen, W. (2020). Association of physical activity and sleep with depression in college students. American journal of college health, 68 (5), 557-564. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2019.1583653
Carl J, Sudeck G, Pfeifer K. Competencies for a Healthy Physically Active Lifestyle-Reflections on the Model of Physical Activity-Related Health Competence. J Phys Act Health. 2020 May 29;17(7):688-697. https://doi: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0442. Erratum in: J Phys Act Health. 2020 Aug 1;17(8):853. PMID: 32473589.
Castellani, John W. PhD; Eglin, Clare M. PhD; Ikäheimo, Tiina M. PhD; Montgomery, Hugh MBBS, BSc, MD; Paal, Peter MD, PD, MBA; Tipton, Michael J. (2021). ACSM Expert Consensus State-ment: Injury Prevention and Exercise Performance during Cold-Weather Exercise. Current Sports Medicine Reports 20(11):p 594-607, November. https://doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000907
Chu YH, Li YC. The Impact of Online Learning on Physical and Mental Health in University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 3;19(5):2966. https://doi: 10.3390/ijerph19052966. PMID: 35270659; PMCID: PMC8910686.
Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjöström M, Bauman AE, Booth ML, Ainsworth BE, Pratt M, Ekelund U, Yngve A, Sallis JF, Oja P. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003 Aug;35(8):1381-95. https://doi: 10.1249/01. MSS.0000078924.61453.FB. PMID: 12900694.
DiPietro, L., Al-Ansari, S. S., Biddle, S. J., Borodulin, K., Bull, F. C., Buman, M. P., ... & Willumsen, J. F. (2020). Advancing the global physical activity agenda: Recommendations for future research by the 2020 WHO physical activity and sedentary behavior guidelines development group. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 17(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-01042-2
Fernandes RA, Zanesco A. (2010). Early physical activity promotes lower prevalence of chronic diseases in adulthood. Hypertension Research; 33(9):926-931. https://doi: 10.1038/hr.2010.106.Epub 2010 Jun 24. PMID: 20574424.
Ferrara M, Langiano E, Falese L, Diotaiuti P, Cortis C, De Vito E. Changes in Physical Activity Levels and Eating Behaviours during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Sociodemographic Analysis in University Students. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 3;19(9):5550. https:// doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095550. PMID: 35564943; PMCID: PMC9105810.
Gallè, F., Sabella, E. A., Ferracuti, S., De Giglio, O., Caggiano, G., Protano, C., ... & Napoli, C. (2020). Sedentary behavior and physical activity of Italian undergraduate students during quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(17), 6171. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph171717176171
Ge, Y., Xin, S., Luan, D., Zou, Z., Liu, M., Bai, X., & Gao, Q. (2019). The association of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration on health-related quality of life of college students in Northeast China. Health and quality of life outcomes, 17, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-019-1194-x
Ghorbani, S., Nouhpisheh, S., &Shakki, M. (2020). Gender differences in the relationship between perceived competence and physical activity in middle school students: the mediating role of enjoyment. International Journal of School Health, 7(2), 14-20. https://doi.org/10.30476/intjsh.2020.85668.1056
Haskell WL, Lee IM, Pate RR, Powell KE, Blair SN, Franklin BA, Macera CA, Heath GW, Thomp-son PD, Bauman A. (2007).Physical activity and public health: updated recommendation for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Med Sci Sports Exerc. Aug;39(8):1423-34. https://doi: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3180616b27. PMID: 17762377.
Kanaley JA, Colberg SR, Corcoran MH, Malin SK, Rodriguez NR, Crespo CJ, Kirwan JP, Zierath JR. Exercise/Physical Activity in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus Statement from the American College of Sports Medicine. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2022 Feb 1;54(2):353-368. https://doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002800. PMID: 35029593; PMCID: PMC8802999.
Laddu, D., Paluch, A. E., & LaMonte, M. J. (2021). The role of the built environment in promoting movement and physical activity across the lifespan: Implications for public health. Progress in cardiovascular disease, 64, 33-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.12.009
Lee DH, Rezende LFM, Joh HK, Keum N, Ferrari G, Rey-Lopez JP, Rimm EB, Tabung FK, Giovannucci EL. Long-Term Leisure-Time Physical Activity Intensity and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Prospective Cohort of US Adults. Circulation. 2022 Aug 16;146(7):523-534. https://doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.058162. Epub 2022 Jul 25. PMID: 35876019; PMCID: PMC9378548.
Lee M, Lee Y, Jang D, Shin A. Physical Activity after Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Mortality in a Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study. Cancers (Basel). 2021 Sep 25;13(19):4804. https://doi: 10.3390/cancers13194804. PMID: 34638290; PMCID: PMC8508146.
Matlary, R. E. D., Grinda, N., Sayers, F., Versloot, O., McLaughlin, P., & EAHAD Physiotherapists Committee. (2022). Promoting physical activity for patients with hemophilia in the era of new treatments. Hemophilia, 28(6), 885-890. https://doi: 10.1111/hae.14641. Epub 2022 Jul 27. PMID: 35896000; PMCID: PMC9796679.
McTiernan A, Friedenreich CM, Katzmarzyk PT, Powell KE, Macko R, Buchner D, Pescatello LS, Bloodgood B, Tennant B, Vaux-Bjerke A, George SM, Troiano RP, Piercy KL; 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee. Physical Activity in Cancer Prevention and Survival: A Systematic Review. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2019 Jun;51(6):1252-1261. https://doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001937. PMID: 31095082; PMCID: PMC6527123.
Ministry of Health, Turkey Public Health Institution. Turkey Physical Activity Guide 2nd edition. Ankara: Ministry of Health Publications, 2014: 940.
Noğay, A. E. K., &Özen, M. (2019). The validity and reliability of the Turkish adaptation of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Primary Care. Konuralp Medical Journal, 11(1), 1-8.
Rahi, S. (2017). Research design and methods: systematic review of research paradigms, sampling subjects, and instrument development. International Journal of Economics and Management Sciences, 6(2), 1-5. https://doi: 10.4172/2162-6359.1000403
Ravalli, S., & Müzeci, G. (2020). The coronavirus pandemic in Italy: physiological benefits of home exercise during the pandemic. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, 5(2), 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk5020031
Rock CL, Thomson C, Gansler T, Gapstur SM, McCullough ML, Patel AV, Andrews KS, Bandera EV, Spees CK, Robien K, Hartman S, Sullivan K, Grant BL, Hamilton KK, Kushi LH, Caan BJ, Kibbe D, Black JD, Wiedt TL, McMahon C, Sloan K, Doyle C. American Cancer Society guideline for diet and physical activity for cancer prevention. CA Cancer J Clin. 2020 Jul;70(4):245-271. https://doi: 10.3322/caac.21591.Epub 2020 Jun 9. PMID: 32515498.
Rudnicka, E., Napierała, P., Podfigurna, A., Męczekalski, B., Smolarczyk, R., &Grymowicz, M. (2020). The World Health Organization approach to healthy aging. Maturitas, 139, 6-11. https://doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.05.018.Epub 2020 May 26. PMID: 32747042; PMCID: PMC7250103.
Saglam M, Arikan H, Savci S, Inal-Ince D, Bosnak-Guclu M, Karabulut E, Tokgozoglu L. International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Percept Mot Skills. 2010 Aug;111(1):278-84. https://doi: 10.2466/06.08.PMS.111.4.278-284. PMID: 21058606.
shii K, Shibata A, Adachi M, Nonoue K, Oka K. Gender and grade differences in objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns among Japanese children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2015 Dec 18;15:1254. https://doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2607-3. PMID: 26679503; PMCID: PMC4683705.
Sondik, E. J., Huang, D. T., Klein, R. J., & Satcher, D. (2010). Progress toward healthy people 2010 goals and objectives. Annual review of public health, 31, 271-281. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.012809.103613
Staurowsky, E. J., De Souza, M. J., Miller, K. E., Sabo, D., Shakib, S., Theberge, N., ... & Williams, N. I. (2015). It's a Life Commitment III: Sports, Physical Activity, and the Health and Well-Being of American Girls and Women. Women's Sports Foundation.
Tian D, Meng J. Exercise for Prevention and Relief of Cardiovascular Disease: Prognoses, Mechanisms, and Approaches. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019 Apr 9;2019:3756750. doi: 10.1155/2019/3756750. PMID: 31093312; PMCID: PMC6481017.
WHO. Global action plan on physical activity 2018-2030: more active people for a healthier world: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/272722
World Health Organization. (2020). WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behavior.
Yağin, F. H., Güldoğan, E., &Colak, C. (2021). A web-based software for the calculation of theoretical probability distributions. The Journal of Cognitive Systems, 6(1), 44-50.doi: https://doi.org/10.52876/jcs.878742
Yılmaz, M. D., &Kartal, A. (2021). A study of the validity and reliability of the Exercise Health Belief Model Scale. YıldırımBeyazıt Law Journal, (1), 42-61.
Yuldashev, M. (2021). Innovative Directions of Sport for the Formation and Development of Healthy Lifestyle. Current Research Journal of Pedagogy, 2(05), 102-107. https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-05-18
Zaccagni L, Masotti S, Donati R, Mazzoni G, Gualdi-Russo E. Body image and weight perceptions in relation to actual measurements by means of a new index and level of physical activity in Italian university students. J Transl Med. 2014 Feb 11;12:42. https://doi:10.1186/1479-5876-12-42. PMID: 24512483; PMCID: PMC3923553.
Zelenović, M., Božić, D., Bjelica, B., Aksović, N., Iacob, G. S., &Alempijević, R. (2021). Effects of physical activity on disease and mortality. International Journal of Sports Culture and Science, 9(2), 255-267. https://doi: 10.14486/IntJSCS.2021.643.
Zhang X, Chen K, Yin S, Qian M, Liu C. Association of leisure sedentary behavior and physical activity with the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr. 2023 Jun 9;10:1158810. https://doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1158810. PMID: 37360298; PMCID: PMC10289033.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Exercise Science & Physical Activity Reviews
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
